Paratransit has become an influential aspect of transport systems in developing countries, however, it has adverse environmental impacts, and severe inequity for users due to lack of government oversight. In Jakarta, mikrotrans is the only type of service that none of the fleets are owned by Transjakarta, instead, the fleets are owned privately. 

In 2018, Jakarta helped transform the mikrotrans through the JakLingko Program by creating a cooperation agreement of kilometer-traveled contracts. Now there are 72 routes and 1865 fleets with support from ten operators and serves more than 200,000 people per day in Jakarta.